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Debian Guides and software
Debian package maintenance (see commands for more instructions)
Debian system maintenance summary
Locating libraries The prelink program will make ELF applications start faster, by figuring out library locations beforehand. Issue prelink --alland check the results -- a lot of libraries were not found. The database of library locations is created by the ldconfig utility, which reads /etc/ld.so.conf. Add library prefixes to this file to help prelink locate them. My current ld.so.conf on sigillo reads, /usr/X11R6/libThe main thing here is to include the openoffice location, as this is the main program that is speeded up by prelink. Keyboard / Hotkeys The key on the left side of the keyboard, marked with an In this off state, the headphone jack is working great! The volume is humongous. So it does NOT need special "sonopure" software to operate -- this is hardware. The music player keys on the edge of the keyboard give out keycodes:
vpr matrix e0 23 e0 23
So you're down to three keys that currently give you nothing -- two of
Sound in WinXP: The software driving it is SoundMAX. Here is the list of devices, found
under
The driver files includes C:\\windows\system32\drivers\aeaudio.sys from Andrea Electronics, and smsens.sys and smwdm.sys from Analog Devices. When I press the "missing" keys I now get a response:
# if you get any erors: use Alt + SysRq + S = Emergency Sync (write everything
on HDD) I never knew what this key was for... Thin client Debian weekly news 6 Nov 02. Instructions: http://plutonium.homeunix.com/papers/dls.pdf Setting up X-Terminals with Debian. Alan W. Irwin wrote instructions for setting up GNU/Linux-based X-Terminals with Debian. The goal is to run all your X clients (KDE, GNOME, OpenOffice, etc.) in a transparent manner on a powerful computer and simply use a slow computer (the X-Terminal) to display the results and control that display with keyboard and mouse. This setup is particularly useful for bringing an old PC back to useful life. Debian System maintenance history After getting Libranet 2.7, I put Debian Linux on Spello, then Sigillo, then Tord's Dell laptop, the KFA's through Derek, and Aaron Blaisdell's pigeonview. That's five machines, and it's just the beginning. I'm very happy with the installation, much of which is documented below. Wow -- I can't believe it: /etc/modules contains a list of modules to be loaded at boot time! I edited it -- finally I have some control. I ran update-modules, ran into the faulty /lib/modules/2.4.20/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/smc91c92_cs.o, removed it. Interestingly, after patching the kernel with the new ieee1394 drivers and the new videodev.c driver, I'm no longer getting the error message. I don't know what this module is doing, but it's still there. Kernel recipe (see /usr/src/z):
INFORMATION ON THE 2.4.20 KERNEL (see /usr/src/zinfo) 1. There's a problem with the default ieee1394 drivers; I've copied in the new version from the http://www.linux1394.org/ web site, which is working great. Make sure you get the version for the 2.4 kernel and not the 2.5 kernel (called trunk). Done on spello and sigillo, and on pigeon. 2. There is supposedly also a problem with the videodev driver, a general driver that Aaron Blaisdell's cameras may also be using. "There's a bug in Linux kernel 2.4.19-20 that causes applications to hang if camera is unplugged while using it. Install fix from http://www.ee.oulu.fi/~tuukkat/quickcam/linux-2.4.20-videodevfix.patch" -- also installed on all three machines. This is just a textfile. Here's my patching recipe from the old days:
In this case, you don't need to untar or bunzip. Is there a patch command?
Indeed there is: man patch shows "patch - apply a diff file to an original."
Note you can do --dry-run. I tried patch 3. The QuickCam driver was updated at http://qce-ga.sourceforge.net/ on 31 Jan 02. It's not a kernel patch exactly, but it is a driver in module form. It may be that you should be using the Logitech Quickcam QC-USB driver for Linux at http://www.ee.oulu.fi/~tuukkat/quickcam/quickcam.html -- at the moment, it doesn't look any better, so don't try it unless the other gives you problems. I got qce-ga-0.40d.tar.gz on 31 Jan 03, with the updates for 2.4.20. I compiled and installed this source using checkinstall, which creates the package qce-ga. This is seen by wajig and can be uninstalled with the command "just remove qce-ga" -- so this is working! I'm getting worried now that I'm learning so much that I'll forget it, so here's a summary:
Note that checkinstall itself is under active development and should be upgraded soon. Maintainer for qce-ga is Jean-frederic Clere <jfclere@users.sourceforge.net>. Checkinstall generates the deb package (called qce-ga), but when it installs I got lots of conflicts with package kernel-image-2.4.20, for instance /lib/modules/2.4.20/modules.dep. However, checkinstall simply seems to make its own modified versions of these files and I'm guessing this will not cause problems. When I recompiled the kernel I encountered exactly the same difficulties -- and bypassed them by issuing
I copied qce-ga_0.40d-1_i386.deb to /vc for use on sigillo and elsewhere. This is how you should be compiling: create a deb file and then install it on all your systems. SYSV I used the SysV Init editor under KDE to remove alsa, apmd, laptop-net, and ud:
I emptied out runlevel 3, with the thought of switching to that to turn
off gpm, but it doesn't seem to be necessary. GPM I added gpm (mouse for console) to runlevel 2 start and runlevels 0, 2, and 6 stop. If you want to change the configuration you can call `gpmconfig' or edit /etc/gpm.conf manually. I edited /etc/gpm.conf manually, defining the device as /dev/input/mice so that it would activate the USB mouse -- and this works. To use the touchpad, just uncomment /dev/psaux and comment out /dev/input/mice. You could experiment with defining both mice. Note that you can start and stop gpm with wajig start gpm or wajig stop gpm. It works! X11 doesn't seem to mind that gpm is running in the background. KDE 3.1 I installed KDE 3.1 on 23 January 2003. See detailed instructions at This page also has detailed configuration suggestions that could be very useful. KDE crashing KDE3.1 has a tendency to generate hundreds of files in ~/.kde/share/thumbnails,
which stops KDE from loading. The menu editor is buggy; be careful. Save frequently and don't make
too many changes in one session. Note that it doesn't INSTALLING KDE IN A NETWORK The model here is a compromise between freestanding computers and thin
clints on a server. Install KDE on each For a description on how to deploy and share KDE resources from a central
server, and how to create a standard CLIPBOARD Note that you can chose whether to synchronize the content of the klipper
and the content of the current selection, WEBCAM The Ezonics webcam is working out of the box; I just had to create a symlink from /usr/lib/libvorbisfile.so.0 to /usr/lib/libvorbisfile.so.0.0.3 to get xawtv to stop complaining. v4l-conf still says,
The Logitech Quickcam Express needs a driver from http://qce-ga.sourceforge.net -- but it's not been updated for 2.4.20; see the bug reports. The fix seems simple and you can either try it yourself or ask the guy who describes it to send you an updated version of the driver (two files). CHECKINSTALL checkinstall -- for making *.deb packages of source code. Comes with installwatch. http://asic-linux.com.mx/~izto/checkinstall/ "What it does is to replace the "make install" command with checkinstall. It makes a note of which files were installed and allows you to uninstall the program using the package management tools on your machine (in my case dpkg). It also creates a .deb (or .rpm) so you can install it on another machine." The new 1.6 version looks interesting but "still in beta" so I didn't install it. I guess I'll want to install the packages I configure. CheckInstall 1.6.0beta1
http://asic-linux.com.mx/~izto/checkinstall/docs/RELNOTES ChangeLog November/24/2002
http://asic-linux.com.mx/~izto/checkinstall/docs/Changelog
Note that http://www.linux1394.org/ says, dv1394 How do I upgrade the driver?
I got the tarball on 28 Jan 2003 and untarred it into /ieee1394. The most recent file was
Several files had been modified 15 Jan 03. I then issued
to recompile the kernel, and
to install it. I rebooted with "sync; shutdown -r now" -- and got a beautiful boot, suggesting I can now attach and control several devices in ieee1394.
Allowing X11 forwarding -- must be enabled in both /etc/ssh/ssh_config
and sshd_config! SSH -- automatic logins I issued ssh-keygen -t rsa on spello, cyberspace, and sigillo to generate public/private rsa key pairs, with a blank passphrase. They were place in the default location l /steen/home/.ssh/id_rsa.pub I then ran ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub steen@cyberspace and established a password-free login. I verified I can access it simply with ssh cyberspace. Check ~/.ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. I repeated for ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub spello and the same from spello to cyberspace. I didn't do cyberspace to spello and could do neither to sigillo as I was on the modem. I then tested out ssh -X spello gkrellm -f on sigillo -- it works! "You can run it from your ~/.xinitrc or ~/.xsession by adding a
& to the end of the command -- in fact you can automatically start any
x-windows application in this way."
Kick off the install with an 'apt-get install linuxlogo' and then proceed to the steps below: A. Showing the Logo Above Login Prompts (Good for Local Logins) This method will show the logo above your logins on your virtual terminals, I.E. when you hit ctrl+alt+FX (where FX is F1-F6), and also on tty1 (F1) when you bootup if you like. After you've installed the linuxlogo package, edit the file /etc/inittab. For each terminal you want the logo on, add '-f /etc/issue.linuxlogo' to the getty command (issue.linuxlogo.ascii if you don't want color) so that the settings should look like this: Original: Logo: Do this to each terminal you want, and then reboot or change your runlevel to something else and back to what you were using with the 'init' command. If you use it on tty1, you probably want to run 'chmod -x /etc/init.d/ linuxlogo' so that the logo isn't displayed on startup (since it would show twice). So here I find out what I was trying to discover: the logo is likely requested in /etc/inittab. That file also has: # Action on special keypress (ALT-UpArrow). It's not activated, and I left it as is. Use it if you experiment with this file. I added the logos as suggested to tty2 and tty3, and left it executable so that it would load on boot to tty1. And so it does -- but the Libranet logo overwrites it instantly, and suppresses the other logos. The Debian logos are configured in /etc/linux_logo.conf -- I still haven't found the Libranet logo. Well, I found it at 12:47am -- it's /etc/issue. There it is. I'll try just removing it and see what happens. It looks like the default "/etc/issue" has also overwritten "/etc/issue.linuxlogo" and "linuxlogo.ascii" and that it did so during the last boot. Not nice! I confirmed the downloaded files had been overwritten, but moved /etc/issue to /etc/issue.libranet and rebooted. This worked -- but there's a script trying to copy the file /etc/issue over onto the others. You should just copy /etc/issue.linuxlogo to /etc/issue and you'll be done. B. Showing the Logo as the MOTD After You Login (Good for Remote Logins) This method is nice for a machine you don't access locally, like a server
box that you only login to remotely over
Next, edit /etc/init.d/bootmisc.sh and change these lines:
To:
After you've edited it, run '/etc/init.d/bootmisc.sh' and you should now see the logo on login, as in Figure 1 below. If you want to add a message of the day to the file, just add the message to the end of /etc/motd, don't leave a blank line in between as it will add one on it's own. So finally I discovered where the annoying line that meets me at the login prompt is located: /etc/motd! Linux sigillo 2.4.20 #6 Fri Jan 31 19:31:41 PST 2003 i686 unknown unknown
GNU/Linux Somehow, I was supposed to know this -- one day I'll read a book on Linux. Note that the changes you made to /etc/motd will be overwritten on reboot; you'll need to edit /etc/init.d/bootmisc.sh to make the changes permanent. I did this on sigillo, spello, and pigeon, just commenting out the instructions to update /etc/motd. You could come up with a more elegant solution later, but for the moment it seems fine to let this be handwritten. See instructions above or at http://www.linuxorbit.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=Sections&file=index&req=viewarticle&artid=548&page=1 WAJIG TRICKS Create a symlink from just: ln -sf /usr/bin/wajig /usr/bin/just If a package gets errors, it can get stuck in the half-way state. Try to uninistall it, then modify the sources.list to include only testing (or only stable), and install afresh. The older version will often work. Mark it with hold to prevent automatic upgrades; you could even keep a separate copy of the deb in a "solution" repository. XTRACEROUTE (see /etc/xtraceroute) The "with comments" file says:
Libranet 2.7 initial installation instructions, with tweaks "The 2 CD set includes a large quantity of useful applications software like Galeon and GIMP. Libranet's Adminmenu helps users perform system tasks easily. Included is the 2.4.19 Linux Kernel, KDE 3, GNOME 2 and XFree86 4.2. Users will find excellent and up to date software and window managers installed automatically on their desktop."
Unresolved (see also To Do list)
Setup Spello: Backups of all configured files should be placed in /vc/spello -- this can save you a lot of work.
Gubbio: I backed a number of files up to /vm, but forgot /etc/exports.
Tweaks
Since I'm the only user on spello, I just added this to /etc/fstab (not yet verified that it works):
Make sure that the mount points give full access to users. 2. To make samba partitions writable for users other than root, also make sure the mount points have 666.
3. Video drivers
4. Upgrading programs
5. Novell file server
6. Firewire or ieee1394
7. Digital video applications and a few others:
8. Other applications worth getting:
9. Edit the nodes for DVD playing
10. Once you've downloaded the applications you want, run KAppfinder in the KDE main menu, under System. It will add the new programs to the menu, albeit in a fairly messy way. You could also spend some time cleaning up the system by removing stuff you don't want. 11. Install VMware -- or not. It generally works well, but is not as stable as a native application. 12. Enable SWAT, the web-based Samba manager, through the Adminmenu | Network | Services. See Samba. 13 Grub: just edit /boot/grub/menu.lst. It's not as nice as Lilo, but you don't need to run it after changing list configuration file. See instructions at LinuxOrbit. 14. Keep a lookout for mosfet's pixieplus and liquid. The debian names are kde-theme-liquid and pixieplus. Versions for KDE 2 are at http://arachni.kiwi.uni-hamburg.de/~harlekin/binary-i386/. 15. To access X-windows applications remotely, issue
The -X switch enables X-windows transfers (see ssh --help). To make this default, change /etc/ssh/ssh_config to ForwardX11=yes (this is what I did on spello). 16. Remove a few of the extra getty's from /etc/inittab if you want to cut down on clutter (or not -- this is just to say that inittab is where this is done) 17. Remove gdm as the default manager through Xadminmenu -- you don't need it. Set startkde as the default window manager by editing ~/.xsession. The system-wide default is in /etc/X11/default-window-manager. Note that you need to keep postfix for sending mail. 18. Copy over Audacity 1.1.1 -- I got it from gubbio; for details see sound. To compile Audacity from CVS, you need libwxgtk2.2 and libwxgtk2.2-dev (the wxWindows library for gtk) -- a quick apt-get. 19. Use kcron (start as root user and define cron job as root user) to set up cron jobs -- it's blindingly simple. I used rsync -rutv /mnt/winD/Webs/ucla/ /mnt/merton/ to synchronize files from winD to merton. See rsynch for details. Job reports go to /var/mail/nobody (cf. pine above); once you're confident the job is running correctly, you can turn off the e-mail by appending >/dev/null 2>&1 to the line (see http://weather.ou.edu/~billston/crontab/). The Kcron interface is buggy -- it got set up for once a minute instead of once an hour, apparently by having the "Every day" box checked while all the other boxes were also checked. Note that each user has a crontab, located in /var/spool/cron/crontabs. 20. In Opera, use kghostview to view pdf files; define this in file associations and check "hand the file over to the program". This is much better than acroread, which should just be removed. 21. I updated ssh to 3.5p1-2 on 3 December 2002; there's a new feature and I got this message screen:
22. I got icecast-server for ogg or mp3 broadcasting -- this could be fun for a student class project. I got this on installation: "Adding new user icecast (108) with group icecast. Not creating home directory." Part of the package was mkpasswd (which just makes encrypted passwords, like passwd but with no need to give user); I haven't figured out how to set this up yet. 23. Consider getting conferencing and telephone software:
24. For games, consider getting 25. Hotkeys, for the MS Natural Keyboard Pro. wajig install hotkeys got me the 0.5.7 version, later upgraded to 0.5.7.1.. The configuration file is /etc/hotkeys.conf and there's a /usr/share/hotkeys/msnatpro.def in the file list. I made these changes to hotkeys.conf:
On 1 January 2003 I issued hotkeys from root and the program clearly started -- and it works, sort of. It tries to adjust volume, start xmms, and so on, but the version of xmms it tries to control is different from the one I usually run. It looks like hotkeys is user-specific and should be started from user steen rather than root. I put the command for both users into /home/steen/.mods on spello (preceeded by killall hotkeys), but this may not be the best place for it. I edited /etc/hotkeys.conf as follows:
I put nothing on e-mail, as kssh and gssh aren't available for my KDE 3.0.3 yet, evolution isn't installing correctly, and ssh mail sends an unwanted line-shift. Also note that the volume buttons don't work in my current setup -- that is to say, they look like they work but they have no effect on the sound volume. This may be a bit tricky and may have to wait until I've found a more stable sound server solution. I also edited /usr/share/hotkeys/msnatpro.def for the leftmost keys as follows: 26. On 7 December 2002, I issued "wajig remove-orphans" and may have removed more than I wanted: Removing libglide3 ...
Removing libwmf0.2-2 ... Removing libident ... Removing libsdl-image1.2 ... Removing nas-lib ... Removing ldso ... Removing libdirectfb-0.9-13 ... Removing gstreamer-avifile ... GStreamer-ERROR **: No default scheduler name - do you have a registry ? aborting... Removing libsdl-ttf1.2 ... Removing tix41 ... Removing kdelibs ... Removing libpam-cracklib ... Removing libsdl-mixer1.2 ... Removing libavcodec0-20021108 ...
27. Packages to remove:
28. Evolution wouldn't install -- various loops of failed dependencies -- but a discussion on the Libranet discussion boards said Ximian's Red Carpet would give it to you. On 2 Jan 03 I issued, wajig install http://www-files.ximian.com/red-carpet/debian-woody-i386/red-carpet_1.4.1-2.ximian.2_i386.deb which worked fine. Second Debian installation (planning stage)
Debian 3.0 DVD I ordered the Debian DVD in late August, from LordSutch, with the official Woody release and an OpenOffice as an added bonus -- though Chris at LordSutch says by mistake it's not the very latest version. [Note that you have no need for a Debian DVD, since you have a fast internet connection.] See if you can install Debian on gubbio's /dev/hdc7 -- a left-over partition that has plenty of space. You could also install it through UML; see below. In late August 2002 I got it from http://www.lordsutch.com/cds/ -- you can also download it from http://www.phy.olemiss.edu/ debian-cd/ or install it over the network from http://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst. See also the Agnula project, a continuation of DeMuDi, at http://www.agnula.org/. I got the DVD without source ($20) for Tom and the KFA. Note that Attila Nagy recently announced that he started producing daily DVD ISO (not UDF) snapshots for IA-32 Woody (html and ftp) and Sid (html and ftp) in jigdo format. You can also use rsync, which uses the tcp port 873 (rsync://ftp.fsn.hu/ftp/). For more informations about jigdo, see http://atterer.net/jigdo/. The images can be easily fetched by jigdo-lite. See also HOWTO. Get the latest boot floppies -- possibly here? Maintaining a current ISO image There are ways to build a new ISO image from the DVD. Or you just download one -- there's a current build at You can use jigdo to keep this ISO image up to date. To mount an ISO image via loopback:
Related matters 10 September 2002 Get the official DVD image from
Woody is there, but not the DVD -- that's only for unstable (SID):
There's additional stuff from
Note that this server has every distro under the sun:
Debian's own descriptions and instructions:
Download CD images with jigdo. The "jigdo" scheme allows you to pick the fastest out of 300 Debian mirrors worldwide for your download. It features easy mirror selection and "upgrading" of older images to the latest release. Also, it is the only way to download Debian DVD images. Now, this means that you can download the DVD from any of numerous Debian mirrors. However, do you need Debian to use jigdo? Apparently not. http://www.debian.org/CD/jigdo-cd/ Jigdo http://home.in.tum.de/~atterer/jigdo/ Just get Jigdo light when you need it. The interface is still under development,
and the whole system is still new, so there's no hurry. Remember, you
don't need Debian yet -- though it's a pity you and Tom will have different
systems. I'd still go with Debian for Tom -- while my systems are reasonably
well put together, there is a fair amount of cruft and history that's
not worth exporting. A new birth is better -- fewer parasites! And remember,
he's using Libranet, not straight Debian. This is definitely better. You
might even try Libranet yourself. Building on Debian try recompiling it yourself, it should then activate CPU extensions.=20 $ apt-get source transcode <possibly check configfiles> $ fakeroot dpkg-buildpackage I don't know how Marillat configures his packages now, but he used to
check if you were him, if not, build a custom package for _your_ Just have a quick look in the debian/rules file in the transcode source directory (In my package, you need $ DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=3Doptimise fakeroot dpkg-buildpackage) Installing through usermode Linux "I recently found a beautiful use for user mode linux - changing distributions with a minimum of downtime. I have a RedHat box that's collocated that I wanted to move over to Debian - so I installed UML and loaded Debian onto one partition, got everything set up correctly and told LILO to boot off the new slice. After a few minutes of praying Debian came up running all the correct services." "With little fanfare, User Mode-Linux (UML) http://user-mode-linux.sourceforge.net/ has been merged into Linus' BitKeeper tree. The merge followed a patch by UML author Jeff Dike, resynching UML with the 2.5.34 development kernel. From the UML homepage, User- Mode Linux provides you with a virtual machine that offers 'a safe, secure way of running Linux versions and Linux processes. Run buggy software, experiment with new Linux kernels or distributions, and poke around in the internals of Linux, all without risking your main Linux setup.'" There's more UML resources available at the community site http://usermodelinux.org/ Debian on the laptop On the Travelmate 5000: http://ccdw.org/~cjj/l/acer_travelmate_353tev.html -- woody! People have been installing Debian on the TiBook from the beginning -- http://neugierig.org/content/tibook/ makes it sound pretty straightforward; there's also http://people.debian.org/~branden/ibook.html for a network installation. System packages See packages in Debian stable (Woody), testing (Sid), and unstable (Sarge). Branden Robinson finally (June 2002) announced preliminary packages for XFree86 4.2.0 (see update). Additionally, Werner Heuser set up a Mini HOWTO about Debian-XFree86 v4.2, and Adam Heath and Tollef Fog Heen set up a mirror list. Note that you need 4.2 for XV.
Application packages
Digital video under Debian With regard to video applications, I don't see much difference between stable and testing. MPlayer is in neither stable nor testing, nor is Avifiles or transcode. Now, unstable does contain a few more of the apps -- notably the very latest Avifile packages (several), kino, libdv, and vcr (v4l capture). Not yet MPlayer -- but see comments, and of course Marillat's site below. The primary source of video-related packages for Debian -- one that should be used in preference to the official sources -- is the unofficial distribution by Christian Marillat <marillat@debian.org> at http://marillat.free.fr/. For stable (woody) packages go here; there are also unstable and testing packages, but stable seems to include some of the very latest stuff. For apt-get add both of these in your /etc/apt/sources.list
This includes MPlayer, avidemux, ffmpeg, lame, liba52, and pretty much anything you might want as far as I can see, and it's very up to date. In fact, this is much better than SuSE's support for this kind of stuff! Note that it also provides mplayer-drivers-source:
Details available here (stable!). Should I get a Zoran card instead of bttv?
Unofficial debs for several video-related applications: http://mplayer.nmeos.net/ and http://marillat.free.fr/. If you've found these sites than you can also simply apt-get transcode. First add the following lines to /etc/apt/sources.list:
Then do "apt-get update" followed by "apt-get install transcode" and you have a working transcode 0.6 on your computer. Hinrich Aue (on the mplayer list), 16 June 2002
First Debian installation
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Netgear FA312 uses a National Semiconductor chip; the driver is natsemi.c here -- I put a copy in E:\linux. See instructions:
Possible problems and solutions
Testing the New Module
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Installation history First download the 38x disk files from Debian -- start with the Potato package (stable). To install from floppies, download the image for rescue.bin and the image for root.bin, found in the 1.44 / idepci directory. Reboot to DOS and use rawrite2.exe under E:/Linux to write the floppy disk image files to the floppy disks: rawrite2
-f rescue.bin -d a: Then put rescue.bin in the drive and reboot from it. Linux will begin to iinstally. Change to the root.bin when prompted. The base2-2.tgz file can be found in the Potato download; the installer will look for it and unpack it. hda: disk1, consiting
of hda1, hda2, consisting of hda5, hda6 (swap), and hda7 (linux) Lilo has overwritten the old Win98 Master Boot Record, but is now configured to load Win98 by default. Press 2 to load Linux. Once the networking card is working, you can do a full install. You can also get SuSE. Name of machine: gubbio add to etc/driveprm: drive0: deviation=-800 File permission chmod a+x filename to make executable Mount a MS-DOS disk in drive 1 To mount a floppy disk or cdrom, you
must create a mount point. The default is usually /mnt/floppy and /mnt/cdrom
and it is created during the install. If it's not there, then type: Then you can mount it: Warnings:Only mount if floppy already in drive and you must not remove the floppy before umount'ing it! Make problem I found the NIC driver but couldn't give the make command -- a compiler may be missing. The relevant compiler is gcc. Potato already contains the compiler in package gcc272 2.7.2.3-15 -- but in fact it's not on my base download. So I got it, and found installation instructions here -- but at this point it's simpler to just do a CD install. At least I discovered that I didn't get the full normal install. What I need now is find a way to wipe out the old installation! Use rmdir -r to remove a tree. Kernel
compile -- download from ftp.kernel.com and issue the tar zxf to unpack it. Installing a New
Kernel cp /usr/Linux/src/arch/i386/boot/zImage /boot/newkernel then make modules_install This will install the modules in /lib/modules. Next, edit /etc/lilo.conf to add a section like this image = /boot/newkernel At the next reboot, select the kernel 'new' in lilo, and it will load the new kernel. If it works fine, move it to the first position in the lilo.conf so it will boot every time by default. Ret
Hat quick install:
/dev/fd0 /dos_floppy
msdos defaults
0 0 For mounting Windows 95 partitions use VFAT type for long filenames. To add menus to Start button in fvwm95 (the default window manager) edit the file - /etc/X11/AnotherLevel/fvwm2rc.menus And add menus and click on restart fvwm menu. To maximize xterm window - click on 'redhat icon' on top left corner of the xterm window. Click on Maximize, Tall Maximize or Wide Maximize. These parameters are set in the files -
/etc/X11/AnotherLevel/fvwm2rc.decors Replace 'Maximize' with 'Maximize 100 95' to correct size of windows in the manager. For ALT+TAB key to work,
which is used to switch windows, click start->preferences->AutoRaise->0ms.
bordercolor red To get listing of fonts give the command xlsfonts at unix prompt. You should remove the following line
xterm_color*font: fixed There
is Windows 95 like desktop called KDE and is in kde*.rpm package. Visit http://www.kde.org
web site for latest Create a unix user student. Login as student and edit ~/.bash_profile and put the following lines -
export KDEDIR=/opt/kde and create a file ~/.Xclients with following lines
#!/bin/bash now do chmod u+x ~/Xclients .bash_profile. Make sure root
creates user 'student' with bash as default shell in control-panel->userconfig
menu. You can comment out startkde and uncomment exec fvwm and try different window
managers! See also /etc/X11/xinit/XClients file and /opt/kde/bin/*.
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Maintained by Francis F. Steen, Communication Studies, University of California Los Angeles |
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